The Journey along Ganges River

Sunday, March 8, 2009

What about river?

River:
-Natural stream of water
-Flow towards ocean, lake or another stream
-A component of the hydrological cycle
-The water within a river is generally collected from precipitation through surface runoff, groundwater recharge ;release of stored water in natural reservoirs
Classification of river:

-Youthful river- a river with a steep gradient that has very few tributaries and flows quickly. Its channels erode deeper rather than wider. (Examples: Brazos River, Trinity River, Ebro River)
-Mature river- a river with a gradient that is less steep than those of youthful rivers; flows more slowly than youthful rivers. A mature river is fed by many tributaries and has more discharge than a youthful river. Its channels erode wider rather than deeper. (Examples: Mississippi River, St. Lawrence River, Danube River, Ohio River, River Thames)
-Old river-a river with a low gradient and low erosive energy. Old rivers are characterized by flood plains. (Examples: Huang He River, Ganges River, Tigris, Euphrates River, Indus River, Nile River)


Uses of a river:
-source of water
-food
-transport
-defensive barrier
-a source of hydropower to drive machinery
-a mean of disposing of waste.

Flow of river:-

Direction: Rivers flow downhill regardless of direction, often in a complex meandering path involving all directions of the compass.

Rate: Volumetric flow rate, also called volume flow rate and rate of water flow, is the volume of water which passes through a given volume per unit time, measured in cubic meters per second (1 m³/s = 35.51 ft³/s) or cubic feet per second, sometimes gallons per second.

Stages of rivers
There are also three stages to a river's life.

1. Stage 1 is a youthful river. This is the river in its upper course where it is fast flowing and is a stream.


2. Stage 2 is the mature river. This is the river in its middle course where it has meanders and is flowing more slowly. Other rivers join as tributaries in its mature stage.


3. Stage 3 is the river in old age. This is the river in its lower course, where it flows slowly towards its mouth at the sea.



A video on rivers: http://sg.video.search.yahoo.com/video/play?p=river&n=21&ei=utf-8&js=1&fr=yfp-t-img&fr2=tab-web&tnr=20&vid=00017525174

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